Four tomography algorithms, including the algebraic reconstruction technique, simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique, the multiplicative algebraic reconstruction technique, and the adaptive algebraic reconstruction technique (AART), are compared with each other based on the tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy technique; the determination of the relaxation parameter is discussed to improve reconstruction quality and shorten computational time as much as possible. The calculated results demonstrate that the AART algorithm can produce the reconstruction results with better quality and less computational time. In the experimental measurement, the AART algorithm with a two-line thermometry scheme is adopted to measure the spatial distribution of H2O temperature and concentration, two H2O absorption lines near 1397.8 nm are selected, the temperature and H2O concentration in the McKenna plat premixed flames are experimentally reconstructed and analyzed, and the results of integrated tomography reconstruction are consistent with the thermocouple traverse measurement.