在利用大气偏振模式进行导航的领域中,太阳空间位置是一个非常重要的导航特征信息,太阳空间位置的获取是导航应用中的一个重要的问题。提出一种基于瑞利大气偏振模式和K-means聚类算法获取太阳空间位置的计算方法。从大气瑞利理论所建立的全天域大气偏振模式出发,根据大气偏振模式中偏振度(DOP)的基本规律对偏振度数据进行K-means聚类分析,将太阳空间位置的求解转换为求解K-means类中心的问题,通过算法仿真实验和实测实验进行验证。实验表明,在晴朗天气条件下同一天不同时刻求解的太阳位置方位角和高度角误差均小于0.01°。算法误差平稳,相对误差可以达到更高的精度,可以有效地利用大气偏振模式解算太阳空间位置。

Solar spatial position is a very important navigation information in the field of navigation by using atmospheric polarization pattern. And how to get the solar spatial position is very important in navigation. A method based on Rayleigh atmosphere polarization pattern and K-means clustering algorithm is introduced to calculate the solar spatial position. The atmospheric polarized model of skylight is established on the basis of the Rayleigh scattering theory of atmosphere. According to the basic regularities of atmospheric polarization pattern, data of the polarization (DOP) are analyzed by the method of K-means clustering algorithm. The problem of solving position of the sun is transformed into the problem of solving the center of K-means cluster. Finally, the simulation experiment and practical experiment are carried out to verify the algorithm. The experiment shows that, at different times of the same day under clear weather, the errors of the solar position and altitude angle are all less than 0.01°. The algorithm error is smooth, and the relative error can reach higher precision. The solar spatial space can be effectively solved by atmospheric polarization pattern.