受热损伤和非线性效应等因素的制约，单个光纤激光器的单模输出功率受到限制。将多个光纤激光器的输出通过一定的方式进行光束合成，是实现更高功率激光输出的必然选择。介绍了光谱合成技术的发展历程和研究现状，给出了几类常见光谱合成系统的基本原理、关键要素和优缺点。介绍了中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所在窄线宽光纤激光及其光谱合成方面的最新进展， 并对高功率光纤激光光谱合成技术的发展前景进行了展望。

Constrained by such factors as thermal damages and nonlinear effects, the single-mode output power of one single fiber lasers is limited. Spectral beam combining technology to integrate different laser outputs based on some means is believed to be an inevitable choice to achieve high power laser output. The development process and current status of spectral beam combing technology are introduced and the basic principle, key factors, advantages and disadvantages of several common kinds of spectral beam combing systems are presented. The latest progresses on narrow linewidth high power fiber laser and its spectral beam combining in Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, are also introduced, and the development prospects of spectral beam combining technology of high power fiber lasers are prospected.