利用细水雾的红外消光作用, 将舰船目标笼罩在一层水雾之中, 能够有效减弱目标与背景的辐射能量差异, 降低红外探测设备对目标的发现或识别概率。首先, 从辐射传递方程出发, 对传递方程进行了一定的简化, 得出比布格尔定律更为通用的辐射衰减公式。然后, 将水雾粒子视为满足对数正态分布的稀疏粒子群, 利用 Mie氏理论对水雾层的散射系数、衰减系数、吸收系数进行了计算, 并分析了水雾参数(浓度、平均粒子半径以及对数粒子半径偏差)对光谱消光性能的影响。最后, 经过合理的优化, 得出具有最佳光谱消光性能的水雾参数。计算结果表明: 当水雾浓度为 7 g/m3, 平均粒径为 4.m, 对数粒径偏差为 0.9时, 水雾对舰船目标具有最佳的消光性能。

Shrouding naval vessels into thin water fog using infrared extinction properties can effectively eliminate the radiation energy difference between target and background and reduce the infrared detection equipment to the target’s detection or recognition probability. First, using the radiative transfer equation, the radiation attenuation formula, which was more general than Bouguer law, was derived by simplifying the transfer equation. Then, the water fog particles were regarded as a sparse particle swarm, which obeys log-normal distribution. The scattering, attenuation, and absorption coefficients of water fog were calculated using Mie theory, and the effect of water fog parameters (concentration, mean particle radius and logarithmic deviation of particle radius) on spectral extinction performance was analyzed. Finally, the parameters of water fog with the optimal spectral extinction performance were obtained after a reasonable optimization. The results show that the water fog with a concentration of 7 g/m3, mean particle radius of 4.m, and logarithmic deviation of particle radius of 0.9 possesses optimal infrared extinction performance for naval vessels.