在批量生产小型光电编码器的过程中,出厂检验不仅要对光电编码器动态误差进行检测, 也要对不达标编码器进行误差溯源及修正。在实现对光电编码器高、低转速下的动态误差检测的同时, 需要快速的定位光电编码器动态误差超标的原因, 使生产者能够根据误差超标原因对编码器进行调校。为此, 提出了光电编码器检测方法及评估方法, 设计了小型光电编码器动态误差检测及评估系统。首先, 从低、中、高频率方面对光电编码器误差组成分析, 明确了各频率误差的产生原因; 然后, 提出了采用AR模型谱估计法对动态误差进行评估的方法, 并根据误差评估结果给出误差产生因素判定; 最后, 设计了小型光电编码器动态误差评估系统, 实现了对光电编码器的动态误差检测, 并给出误差评估结果。所设计的检测系统工作转速范围为0.5~8 r/s, 检测精度优于2″; 误差评估系统能够清晰的显示出动态误差在各频率下的均方值, 使生产者能够轻易地找到不达标编码器的调校方法。该系统准确可靠、显示直观, 为批量生产光电编码器提供了简单有效的检测评估手段。

During the quantity production of small size photoelectric encoders, not only the encoder dynamic error must be detected in factory inspection, the error of non-standard encoder must also be traced and corrected. In the process of the dynamic error detection of photoelectric encoder in high speed and low speed, the reason caused excessive dynamic error of photoelectric encoder must be quickly found out, so that the encoder can be adjusted according to the reason of excessive error. The measurement and estimation system for dynamic errors of photoelectric encoder was designed by proposing a measurement and estimation method. Firstly, by the analysis on dynamic error of photoelectric encoder, the theory of dynamic error component was proposed. Secondly, the estimation method of dynamic error based on AR model spectrum estimation was proposed, and error criterions were proposed by error estimation. Thirdly, the measurement and estimation system for dynamic errors of photoelectric encoder was designed, error detection and estimation were achieved by this system. The speed range of this system is 0.5-8 r/s, measurement precision is 2″; the system can clearly display the mean square of errors in every frequency, this result can offer evidence for producer to reduce the error of encoder. The system was exact and reliable, and provides straight forward and effective measurement method for producer.