研究了基于微波光子技术的相控阵雷达天线现场校准技术。介绍了微波光子技术进行相控阵天线现场校准的基本原理, 通过利用架设在相控阵天线阵面上的光学探针中的电光晶体的泡克尔斯效应, 使得自探针反射的光学信号携带有天线单元的近场辐射信息, 在将其进行光电转换后采用外差相干检测的方法来获得信号中所携带的天线单元的幅相信息, 便可实现对天线阵面天线单元辐射场信息的快速检测, 实验验证系统的电场幅度和相位测量精度可以分别达到0.3 dB和2°, 同时该方法对被测天线单元具有侵入性低、抗干扰能力强、体积小等优点, 满足相控阵天线现场校准的实际需要, 具有很强的工程实用价值。

The in-situ calibration technology of phased array radar antenna has been researched. The principle of phased array antenna in-situ calibration based on the microwave photonic technology was introduced. By taking advantage of Pockels effect of the electro-optical crystal in the optical probes erected on the phased array antenna, the optical signal reflected from the probe was modulated by the measured electromagnetic field. Then the amplitude and phase information of the measured phased array antenna units can be obtained through photoelectric conversion and coherent detection of the optical signal. Experimental results demonstrate that the measurement amplitude and phase accuracy of radiation electromagnetic field respectively reach 0.3 dB and 2°. And this calibration method has the advantages of low aggressiveness, strong anti-jamming ability, small volume, etc. which can meet the practical demands of phased array antenna calibration and have very strong engineering practical value.