研究了由天空光主导的波浪水面下的偏振分布模式,验证了在波浪水面下使用偏振导航的可行性,讨论了不同太阳位置和水面波浪情况对水下偏振分布模式的影响。利用Cox-Munk海浪模型描述波浪水面,建立了考虑大气Rayleigh散射、气-水界面折射及水分子单次Rayleigh散射的基于Stokes矢量和Mueller矩阵的水下偏振传输模型。仿真结果与实测结果的一致性证明了所提模型的正确性。结果表明,由天空光主导的波浪水面下偏振分布模式是可以预测的,这主要与太阳位置和水面波浪情况有关。所提模型可以更准确地分析波浪水面下偏振特性,为水下偏振导航的应用提供了理论依据。

We study the polarization distribution model under wavy water surfaces dominated by skylight, verify the feasibility of using polarization navigation under wavy water surfaces, and discuss the influence of different sun positions and wavy water surfaces on the underwater polarization distribution model. The Cox-Munk sea wave model is used to describe the wavy water surface. The underwater polarization propagation model is built on the basis of the Stokes vector and Mueller matrix, which consider the atmospheric Rayleigh scattering, the air-water interface refraction, and the single Rayleigh scattering of water molecules. The consistency between the simulation result and measurement result proves the accuracy of the proposed model. The results show that the wavy underwater polarization distribution model dominated by skylight is predictable, and it is mainly related to the sun position and the wave condition on the water surface. The proposed model can analyze the polarization characteristics of wavy underwater more accurately and provide a theoretical basis for the application of underwater polarization navigation.