拉曼光谱是一种用于分析分子化学成分、结构等信息的检测技术，具有信息丰富、制样简单、水的干扰小、非侵入等特点，在生物医学等研究领域中具有广泛应用。拉曼光谱成像作为一种结合拉曼光谱和成像的混合模式，通过采集空间中每个像素处的拉曼光谱信息，将分子信息在空间上展现，并定性、定量与定位地分析物质分子。相对于传统的拉曼光谱测量，拉曼光谱成像可额外提供生物医学应用中极为重要的空间信息，因此，以图像形式观测物质成分与结构等信息的拉曼光谱成像技术在生物样本检测、临床诊断及治疗等生物医学领域中具有重要的应用价值。从拉曼光谱原理出发,介绍了拉曼光谱成像技术及其发展，并综述了近年来拉曼光谱成像技术在生物医学领域中的应用，最后总结并展望了拉曼光谱成像技术及其发展趋势。

Raman spectroscopy is an analytical tool for chemical compositions and structures of molecules. Because it is a non-invasive technique with rich biochemical information, minimal sample preparation and little interference of water, Raman spectroscopy has been widely used in the field of biomedicine. Raman spectroscopic imaging is the combination of Raman spectroscopy and imaging, which collects Raman spectrum at each pixel for the entire region. Thus, both spatial and spectral information can be captured for positioning analysis of material molecules qualitatively and quantificationally. Compared with traditional Raman spectroscopy, Raman imaging can provide additional spatial information about the sample, which is extremely important for biomedical applications. Therefore, Raman spectroscopic imaging technique with both biochemical and spatial information shows significant values in the field of biomedicine, such as biological sample examination, clinical diagnosis, and treatment. The Raman spectroscopy technique and its development are introduced based on the principle of Raman spectroscopy. The application of Raman spectroscopy technique in the field of biomedicine in recent years is summarized. Finally, the summary and prospects of Raman spectroscopic imaging technology are discussed.