为探讨26个Y-STR基因座在河南周口地区汉族人群中的法医学应用价值, 本研究采用DNATyperY26荧光标记复合扩增试剂盒, 对来自河南周口地区不同区县的802名无关个体血样进行复合扩增、检测及分析, 统计等位基因数量, 并计算各法医学参数。802份血样共检出180个等位基因, 等位基因频率分布为0.001~0.854, Y-STR基因座的基因多样性(GD)值分布为0.261~0.965, 研究检出777种单倍型, 单倍型多样性(HD)为0.9999, 试剂盒的系统分辨能力(DC)高达0.969。此外, 在周口四个不同区县(商水、沈丘、西华、项城)分别统计得5、5、10、7个私有等位基因。综上, 26个Y-STR基因座在河南周口人群中具有良好的遗传多态性, 体现了DNATyperY26试剂盒在群体遗传学及法医学研究方面广阔的应用前景。此外, 本文提出的私有等位基因分析可在推断人员来源地域方面提供重要线索, 未来有待深入研究。

This study was to determine the frequencies and parameters of 26 Y chromosomal short tandem repeat loci of Han population from Zhoukou in Henan province. Private alleles of each area were also studied to better explore the application value of DNATyperY26 kit. Blood samples of 802 non-related male were collected and genotyped through PCR amplification and capillary electrophoresis based on DNATyperY26 kit. Genotype data was then analyzed for allele frequencies and parameters. We found 180 alleles with their frequencies ranging from 0.001~0.854. Genetic diversity (GD) value of Y-STR loci distributed from 0.261~0.965 with most of them higher than 0.5. Discrimination capacity (DC, 0.969) of the kit was very high since 777 haplotypes were detected in 802 samples. The study also showed high haplotype diversity (HD, 0.9999). Moreover, we observed 5, 5, 10, 7 private alleles respectively for each area in Zhoukou. In conclusion, DNATyperY26 kit can be widely applied to the research of forensic science and population genetics. Analysis of private alleles may benefit in source region inference, which still needs further exploration.