季节性闪光现象是由三轴稳定地球同步轨道(GEO)卫星保持的特殊对地位置及卫星帆板的运动特点产生的。结合卫星帆板材质的双向反射分布函数及太阳在地球坐标系下的运动规律,分析了帆板季节性闪光现象的原理,定量研究了地面站观测帆板闪光现象的相关规律并进行了仿真验证。研究表明,地面任意地点的望远镜每年都有两个时段能够观测到GEO卫星帆板闪光现象,每次持续约21 d,每颗卫星每天的观测时间约32 min。该结论不仅能够为观测GEO卫星提供参考,也可为分析卫星工作及运动状态提供依据。

The special seasonal glint phenomenon of solar arrays is caused by the special position kept by the three-axis stabilization geosynchronous earth orbit (GEO) satellite and the motion law of the solar arrays. Quantitative analysis about the theory of the phenomenon is made based on the bidirectional reflectance distribution function of the solar arrays materials and the sun movement in Earth centered coordinate. The characteristics of glint phenomenon are summed up and the conclusions are validated by simulation tests. The results indicate that, for any telescope on the ground, there are two durations one year to detect the glint phenomenon of solar arrays,in which each duration lasts about 21 days, and the detect time one day is about 32 minutes for each GEO satellites. The conclusions could not only provide references to detect GEO satellites, but also could be the basis to analyze the working state and motion state of GEO satellites.