采用5183焊丝作为填充材料, 对3 mm厚的5083铝合金对接接头进行光纤激光填丝焊接实验。分析了离焦量、焊接速度、送丝速度和激光功率对焊缝成型及强度的影响,并对最优焊缝进行了金相组织、显微硬度、力学性能的检测分析。结果表明, 采用离焦量0 mm, 激光功率4 100 W, 焊接速度4.2 m/min, 送丝速度3 m/min的工艺参数焊接3 mm厚5083铝合金, 可获得高质量焊缝, 焊缝硬度达HV 60以上, 未出现接头软化, 拉伸试验断裂位置为母材, 焊缝强度高于母材。

3 mm thick 5083 aluminum alloy butt joints are welded by fiber laser using 5183 filler wire. The effects of defocus amount, welding speed, wire feeding speed and laser power on weld forming and strength were analyzed. The microstructure, microhardness and mechanical properties of optimal welds were examined and analyzed. The results show that high-quality welds can be obtained by welding 3 mm thick 5083 aluminum alloy with 0 mm defocusing, 4 100 W laser power, 4.2 m/min welding speed and 3 m/min wire speed. The hardness of weld is above HV 60 without joint softening, the fracture of tensile test occurred on the base metal, the weld strength is higher than that of the base metal.