基于激光在大气中的传输特性，利用斜程传输理论计算激光在大气中的衰减程度，结合激光雷达测距方程，建立了卫星激光测距(SLR)系统的斜程传输最大测距模型，通过分析数值仿真结果及长春站SLR系统最大探测距离(MDR)实测值，对SLR系统的最大探测距离进行了系统的研究。结果表明：在一定范围内，SLR系统的MDR值随着望远镜发射仰角的增大而增大。与其他常见的模型(Kim经验公式和Mie理论)相比，利用斜程传输最大测距模型得到的MDR值更接近实验值，其误差率减小了一个数量级，仅为3.8%。该模型可有效计算SLR系统的MDR。

Based on the characteristics of laser transmission in atmosphere, the slanting transmission model is used to calibrate the attenuation of laser transmitting in aerosol. According to the laser radar ranging equation, we establish the model of slanting transmission maximum detection range (MDR) of satellite laser ranging (SLR) system. By analyzing the numerical simulation results and the measured values of the MDR of the SLR system in Changchun station, we systematically research the maximum transmission distance of the SLR system. The investigated results indicate the MDR increases along with the elevation of transmitter telescope in a certain range. Compared with other common models, including Kim empirical formula and Mie theory, the MDR calibrated by slanting transmission MDR model is closer to the experimental results, and the relative error is decreased by one order of magnitude, which is only 3.8%. The result suggests the slanting transmission MDR model is much more suitable for calculating the MDR of the SLR system.