针对水下无线激光通信系统中对准困难的问题, 提出了一种分集阵列式光学接收天线, 在光学设计软件Zemax中分别设计出了复合光学接收天线和分集阵列式光学接收天线的光学结构, 分析了复合光学接收天线和分集阵列式光学接收天线的视场角、聚光效率以及光源移动范围, 并且通过实验和Matlab仿真给出两种光学接收天线的聚光效率随光源径向移动范围和光源入射角的关系, 结果表明: 当光源尺寸10 mm时, 复合光学接收天线的聚光效率是0.06%, 接收视场角是±6°, 光源径向移动范围是±6 mm; 分集阵列式光学接收天线的聚光效率是0.06%, 接收视场角是±16°, 光源径向移动范围是±22 mm。因此分集阵列式光学接收天线更适用于水下激光通信系统。

A diversified array optical receiving antenna was designed for the problem of alignment difficulty in underwater wireless laser communication systems. The optical structures of the composite optical receiving antenna and diversity array optical receiving antenna were designed by the optical design software Zemax, and the field of view angle, the light gathering efficiency and the light source moving range of the two kinds of antenna were analyzed. Besides, the light gathering efficiency as a function of the light source moving range and the incident angle of the light source of the two kinds of optical receiving antennas was given by experiments and Matlab simulations. The results show that when the light source size is 10 mm, the light gathering efficiency of the composite optical receiving antenna is 0.06%, the receiving field angle is ±6°, the moving range of the light source is ±6 mm. And the light gathering efficiency of the diversity array optical receiving antenna is 0.06%, the receiving field angle is ±16°, the moving range of the light source is ±22 mm. Therefore, the diversity array optical receiving antenna was more suitable for underwater laser communication systems.