为了使船舶能够更加准确地入港和避免发生碰撞,提出了一种辅助船舶入港的发光二极管(LED)导航系统。该系统采用不同闪烁频率的3种颜色灯光对目标水域进行分区,使照射区域内的船舶可以通过灯光的颜色和频率来准确判定其位置和方向,进而辅助船舶快速准确地驶向目的地。为了实现该导航系统,设计了一种大功率LED的发射光学系统,通过矩形集光器和线性菲涅耳透镜使LED的出射光束为矩形;同时设计了控制光源闪烁的电路控制系统,通过单片机、数模转换器和放大电路实现对光源闪烁频率的调制,并根据设计的系统制作出样机,在木兰湖进行验证实验。实验结果表明:制作的光学系统样机与设计仿真结果吻合,出射光束在水平方向上的发散角为6°;所设计的导航系统利用颜色对目标水域分区,从而对区域内的船舶进行导航。

In order to make the ship enter port accurately and avoid conflict, we present a water navigation system for assisting ships in entering port based on light-emitting diodes (LED). The system partitions the target water area by three color lights which are flickering in different frequencies. The mariners in the irradiation area can get their position and direction by observing the lights color and frequency. The system can aid the ships enter port more quickly and accurately. In order to achieve this navigation system, we propose a high-power LED optical system. The LED light beam becomes rectangular through the rectangular concentrator and the linear Fresnel lens. A circuit control system is designed to control the flicker of the light source. The modulation of the flicker frequency of the light source is realized through a single chip microcomputer, a digital analog converter and an operational amplifier. The prototype is made according to the designed system. Experiment is conducted to verify the feasibility of the system on the Mulan Lake. The experimental results show that the fabricated prototype and simulation result of design are in good agreement. The divergence angle of the beam in the horizontal direction is 6°. The proposed water navigation system can partition target waters and assist ships in entering the port well by light colors.