平板显示因具有体积小、重量轻、功耗低、画质好等优点, 已被广泛应用于电子仪表显示、车载显示、数码相机、智能手机、个人电脑、电视产品等领域之中。本文介绍了薄膜晶体管液晶显示(Thin Film Transistor-Liquid Crystal Display,TFT-LCD)、有机发光二极管Organic Light Emitting Diode(OLED)显示、量子点发光二极管Quantum Dot Light Emitting Diode(QLED)显示及微发光二极管(Micro-LED)显示这几种平板显示技术的结构及原理。从结构、材料、性能、应用几方面对这几种平板显示技术进行了比较。最后给出了这几种平板显示技术的最新研究进展。LCD显示经过多年发展, 技术成熟, 成本低廉, 仍然在显示市场占据主流地位。OLED显示技术摆脱了传统LCD的背光源, 开创了自发光显示的未来发展方向。在相当一段时期内, LCD和OLED仍将会共存于市场中, 相互竞争和补充。QLED显示和Micro-LED显示这两种显示技术, 在理论上较OLED显示具有更好的颜色表现、更长的工作寿命等优势, 具有非常广阔的发展前景, 将为未来显示行业提供更多更好的选择。

Flat panel display has been widely used in electronic instrument display, car display, digital camera, smart phone, personal computer, TV products, etc. due to its small size, light weight, low power consumption and good picture quality. In this paper, we introduce the structure and principle of thin film transistor-liquid crystal display(TFT-LCD), organic light emitting diode(OLED) display, quantum dot light emitting diode(QLED) display and micro light-emitting diode(Micro-LED). These flat panel display technologies are compared in terms of structure, material, performance and application. Finally, the latest research progress of these kinds of flat panel display technologies is given. After years of development, LCD display still has a dominant position in the display market due to its maturity and low cost. OLED display technology has got rid of the backlight of traditional LCD, and has opened up the future development direction of self-luminous display. For a considerable period of time, LCDs and OLEDs will still coexist in the market, competing and complementing each other. QLED display and Micro-LED display, in theory, QLED display and Micro-LED display have better color performance and longer working life than OLED display, and have very broad development prospects, which will provide more and better choices for the future display industry.