水汽混合比的标定是水汽拉曼激光雷达的一个重要问题。利用两台输出激光波长分别为532.1 nm和659.7 nm的两台YAG激光器, 建立了一台能够实现水汽混合比自标定的双波长激光雷达, 并开展了双波长激光雷达的探测性能测试试验。通过分析测量数据表明该激光雷达的探测性能能够满足水汽混合比自标定的要求。根据实测的大气气溶胶垂直分布, 在气溶胶散射比大约为1.01的高度范围内, 得到了该双波长激光雷达测量氮气混合比的标定常数为0.545±0.031, 相对误差为5.7%。这是实现水汽混合比自标定的关键一步, 为水汽混合比的自标定奠定了基础。

The calibration of water vapor mixing ratio is an important issue for Raman lidar. A dual wavelength lidar was developed and tested for the self-calibration of water vapor mixing ratio based on the two YAG laser, which emitted laser pulses at the wavelengths of 532.1 nm and 659.7 nm. From the analysis of the lidar measurements, it indicates that the capability of lidar satisfies with the requirements of water vapor mixing ratio self-calibration completely. In the altitude range, in which the measured aerosol liar scattering ratio was about 1.01, the calibration constant of nitrogen mixing ratio was determined to be 0.545±0.031 from the lidar measurements, and the relative uncertainty was about 5.7%. The determination of the nitrogen mixing ratio calibration constant was the key step in the water vapor mixing ratio self-calibration, which lays a foundation for the self-calibration could and the water vapor mixing ratio.