激光多边测量网是基于激光跟踪仪多站测量的大尺寸坐标测量网络。跟踪仪的位置、数目,即网络布局,是影响测量网性能的关键因素。为此,在遗传算法基础上,提出基于网格的布局优化方法。以覆盖能力、测量精度及总体成本作为多目标评价函数,利用全局网格和局部网格对布局区域进行划分,将全局搜索和局部搜索相配合,无需初始布局即可全局寻优。实验表明,相较于经验布局,该方法更易获得符合测量要求的网络布局,大大降低了对操作人员测量经验的要求,具有良好的实用性。

A laser multilateration network is a large-scale coordinate measurement network based on the multi-station measurement by laser trackers. The locations and number of trackers, i.e. the network placement, strongly influence the performance of this measurement network. Thus a grid-based placement optimization method is proposed based on the genetic algorithm, in which the coverage capability, measurement accuracy and overall cost are used as the multi-objective evaluation functions, while the global grids and local grids are used for the dividing of the placement area. Through the global search and local search, a global optimization can be achieved without any initial placements. The experimental results show that compared with the experience placement, the optimized network placement can meet the measurement requirements easily and reduce the requirement of operation experiences from operators. Thus it possesses a good practicality.