建立了包含1/2波片(HWP)和1/4波片(QWP)快轴装调误差的Stokes矢量测量误差方程。分析了波片快轴的装调误差对7种典型基态入射光的Stokes矢量测量精度的影响,推导了任意入射光Stokes矢量测量误差的表征方法。仿真结果表明,偏振度越大,偏振测量误差越大,选取入射光偏振度为1时的偏振测量精度评估系统性能。提出了一种波片快轴装调误差的优化方法,当测量矩阵的条件数小于1.84时,选取0.772/0.228的分束比可使波片快轴装调误差对系统偏振测量精度的影响最小。为满足2%的偏振测量精度,HWP的快轴装调误差应在±0.15°内,QWP的快轴装调误差应在±0.52°内。

The Stokes vector measurement error equation including alignment errors of half-wave plate (HWP) and quarter-wave plate (QWP) fast axes is established. The influences of alignment errors of wave plate fast axes on Stokes vector measurement accuracy for seven typical incident lights are analyzed. A calibration method of Stokes vector measurement errors for any incident light is given. The simulation results show that the greater the degree of polarization is, the larger the polarization measurement error is. The polarization measurement accuracy is selected to evaluate the system performance when the degree of polarization for the incident light equals to 1. A method for optimizing the alignment errors of wave-plate fast axes is proposed. When the condition number of the measurement matrix is less than 1.84, the selection of splitting ratio 0.772/0.228 can minimize the influences of alignment errors of wave-plate fast axes on the polarization measurement accuracy. To ensure a polarization measurement accuracy of 2%, the alignment error of HWP fast axis should be within ±0.15° and that of QWP fast axis is within ±0.52°.