光纤光栅(FBG)传感器具有灵敏度高, 测量量程大, 抗电磁干扰能力强, 耐高温能力强等诸多优点, 在爆炸冲击测试领域具有广泛的应用前景。针对空腔爆炸压力变化历程对压力传感器的性能要求, 设计了一种抗冲击FBG压力传感器。传感器采用圆平膜片作为承压面, 利用均匀压力作用下的挠度拉伸FBG产生位移。对传感器的力学模型进行了理论计算, 并进行了有限元仿真, 理论分析与数值模拟计算结果误差小于2%。使用标准压力源对传感器进行了标定, 获得最终的压力灵敏度为545.187 kPa/nm, 线性度相关度为99.998%。根据空腔爆炸现场防护需求, 设计了有效的抗爆防护装置, 并将该传感器成功用于空腔爆炸爆后气体压力变化历程测量, 取得很好的测试效果。

The fiber Bragg grating(FBG) sensor has extensive application prospects in the field of explosion impact testing for its merits like high sensitivity, wide measurement range, anti-electromagnetic interference capability, high temperature resistance and so on. An anti-impact FBG pressure sensor was designed for the performance requirements of pressure sensor in the process of cavity explosion pressure change. The sensor used a flat diaphragm as the bearing surface, and used the deflection under uniform pressure to stretch the FBG so as to generate displacement. The mechanical model of the sensor was theoretically calculated and the finite element simulation was carried out. Result shows that the error between theoretical analysis and numerical simulation is less than 2%. And the sensor was calibrated using a standard pressure source with a final pressure sensitivity of 545.187 kPa/nm and a linearity correlation of 99.998%. In addition,according to the protection requirements of the cavity explosion site, an effective anti-explosion protection device was designed, and the sensor was successfully used for the measurement of gas pressure change history after cavity explosion, which achieved good test results.