从体全息存储原理出发，列举了体全息存储的技术和主要的几种系统结构，并就同轴式全息存储系统原理、系统结构、编码方式进行了详细的介绍分析。在未有成熟的相位编码方式的情况下，对基于相位调制的同轴全息存储系统的两种相位编码方式进行了分析评价，这两种相位编码方式对全息存储中相位编码的可能实现方式进行了有效补充，其组合式相位编码方式与传统振幅编码相比提高了编码率且降低了误码率。另外，介绍和分析了一种可以有效减少材料消耗并提高存储密度的多阶复振幅调制的同轴全息存储系统，并对其系统表现性能进行评价。综合评价得出，更合理的编码方式、适当的调制手段和抑制噪声仍是现在全息存储研究中亟待解决的问题。

Based on the principle of the volume holographic data storage, the technologies and its main systems of holographic data storage are reviewed. The principle, system structure and coding method of the collinear holographic data storage system are introduced and analyzed. In the absence of mature phase encoding principle, two kinds of phase encoding of phase-modulated collinear holographic data storage systems are analyzed and evaluated. These two phase encoding methods effectively complement the possible methods of phase encoding in holographic storage. The pairs-phase-encoding improves the code rate and reduces the error rate compared with traditional encoding. Moreover, a multilevel complex amplitude modulated collinear holographic storage system is introduced, which can efficiently reduce material consumption and increases storage capacity. Moreover, its system performance is evaluated. Consequently, more reasonable coding method, appropriate modulation and suppression of noise, are still urgent problems in the researching of holographic data storage technology.