本文用虚时演化法研究了玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体在谐振子势与高斯势的联合势阱中的涡旋结构,给出了旋转角频率和原子间相互作用强度对涡旋分布的影响,以及对凝聚体中量子化涡旋、鬼涡旋以及隐涡旋分布的不同作用。在联合势阱中凝聚体除了量子化涡旋和鬼涡旋外,在势阱中心位置还出现了隐涡旋。当相互作用强度一定时,可见涡旋数和隐涡旋数随着旋转角频率的增大而增加。当旋转角频率一定时,随着原子间相互作用逐渐增强,可见涡旋数随之增加,而隐涡旋数并没有改变。我们分析发现,只有考虑了隐涡旋之后,才能满足费曼规则。

After the study of vortex distribution of the Bose-Einstein condensates in a rotating harmonic plus Gaussian trap the virtual time evolution method,we get the effects of the rotational angular frequency and the interaction intensity between atoms on the vortex distribution,and corresponding effects on the distribution of quantized vortices,ghost vortices and hidden vortices in the condensate.In addition to the ordinary quantized and ghost vortices,the hidden vortices are distributed along the central barrier.When the interaction intensity is constant,the number of visible vortex and hidden vortex increases with the increase of rotation angular frequency.When the rotation angular frequency is constant,the number of visible vortices increases with the increase of the interaction intensity between atoms,but the number of hidden vortices does not change.We find that the Feynman rule can be satisfied only when visible and hidden vortices are both considered.