以SiO2、CaO和MgO为主要原料，采用传统高温熔融工艺制备了基础玻璃，并通过一步析晶热处理工艺制备了透辉石微晶玻璃。利用X射线衍射仪、电子扫描显微镜和激光导热仪分别研究了热处理温度和时间对透辉石微晶玻璃析晶和导热性能的影响。结果表明：随着热处理温度的升高，微晶玻璃的结晶度增加，晶粒尺寸增大，导热系数先增大后减小；随着热处理时间的延长，微晶玻璃的晶粒尺寸增大，导热系数先增大后减小。当热处理温度890 ℃，热处理时间120 min，升温速率为10 ℃/min，微晶玻璃晶粒尺寸为0.3~0.4 μm，结晶度为79%，导热系数达到最大值2.59 W/(m?K)。

Using SiO2, CaO and MgO as main raw materials, basic glasses were prepared by traditional high temperature melting process, and diopside glass-ceramics were prepared by one-step crystallization heat treatment method. The effects of heat treatment temperature and time on crystallization and thermal conductivity of diopside glass-ceramics were studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and laser thermal conductivity meter respectively. The results show that with the increases of heat treatment temperature, the crystallinity of glass-ceramics increases, the grain size increases, and the thermal conductivity first increases and then decreases. With the increases of heat treatment time, the grain size of glass-ceramics increases, and the thermal conductivity first increases and then decreases. When the heat treatment temperature is 890 ℃, the heat treatment time is 120 min, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, the grain size of glass-ceramics is 0.3-0.4 μm, the crystallinity is 79%, and the thermal conductivity reaches the maximum value of 2.59 W/(m?K).