利用数值仿真和实验验证方法,解释用线光源作为光源的菲涅耳双棱镜干涉实验中,狭缝必须与双棱镜棱脊平行才能观察到清晰干涉条纹的原因。基于几何光学和干涉原理,理论上得出观察屏上菲涅耳双棱镜干涉强度分布公式,通过数值模拟得到干涉条纹可见度随狭缝与棱脊夹角的变化曲线。理论分析表明,随着夹角变大,干涉可见度将出现先下降,再升高,然后再次下降的现象。最后,对理论结果进行实验验证,表明实验结果与数值模拟结果基本一致。

In this paper, numerical simulation and experimental verification methods are presented to investigate the influence of nonparallel slot and double-prism ridge in observing clear interference fringes. This result is essentially in the Fresnel double prism interference experiment using a line source. Initially, the interference intensity distribution formula of the Fresnel double prism on the observation screen is theoretically obtained. This is accomplished using geometrical optics and the principle of interference. In addition, the visibility of the interference fringe as a function of the angle between the slot and the ridge is obtained using numerical simulation. Theoretical analysis shows that as the angle increases, the interference visibility falls, then rises, and then falls again. Finally, an attempt to experimentally verify the theoretical results is also presented. The experimental results seem to be consistent with the numerical simulation results.