Photonics Research, 2019, 7 (6): 06000693, Published Online: Jun. 4, 2019   

Selective excitation of a three-dimensionally oriented single plasmonic dipole

Author Affiliations
1 MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, China
2 e-mail: fjxiao@nwpu.edu.cn
3 e-mail: xuetaogan@nwpu.edu.cn
4 Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
5 Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory (AXL), Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
6 e-mail: jlzhao@nwpu.edu.cn
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate a scheme to deterministically excite a three-dimensionally oriented electric dipole in a single Au nanosphere by using a tightly focused radially polarized beam whose focal field possesses polarization states along three-dimensional (3D) orientations owing to the spatial overlap between longitudinal and radial electric field components. Experiment observations indicate that the orientation of an excited dipole moment gradually changes from out-of-plane to in-plane when the nanosphere is moved away from the beam center, which is reconfirmed by full-wave simulations. Moreover, rigorous calculation based on Mie theory reveals that a reduced effective ambient permittivity accompanies the rotation of the dipole moment, leading to a blue-shifted and narrowed resonance peak. We envision that our results could find applications in detecting the 3D orientation of isolated molecules and benefit the fine manipulation of light–matter interactions at the single-molecule level.

Fajun Xiao, Guanglin Wang, Xuetao Gan, Wuyun Shang, Shiyin Cao, Weiren Zhu, Ting Mei, Malin Premaratne, Jianlin Zhao. Selective excitation of a three-dimensionally oriented single plasmonic dipole[J]. Photonics Research, 2019, 7(6): 06000693.

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