易燃液体在食品、化工、能源等领域均有广泛应用,并创造了巨大的经济价值。然而,该类液体易燃易爆,且在使用过程中可能会产生有毒蒸汽,因而它的无损检测对于促进工业生产和保障人民的人身财产安全具有深远意义。光谱检测技术具有快速、在线检测、无损、样品无需预处理、检测精度高等优点,在易燃液体检测中发挥了重要作用。本文综述了易燃液体光谱检测方法的技术原理,重点介绍了近红外光谱法、拉曼光谱法、紫外光谱法、荧光光谱法和太赫兹时域光谱法等5种典型易燃液体光谱检测技术的发展历程和应用现状,同时结合光谱技术的优缺点,对其未来发展前景进行了展望。

Flammable liquids are widely used in food, chemical industry, energy, and other fields, and have created great economic value. However, these liquids are flammable and explosive and sometimes generate toxic vapor, and thus their nondestructive detection is of great importance for promoting industrial production and guaranteeing personal and property safety. Spectroscopic methodologies have the advantages of fast response, online and nondestructive detection, no need of sample pretreatment, and high precision, playing an important role in the detection of flammable liquids. In this paper, we expounded the technical principles of the spectroscopic methodologies for flammable liquids and highlighted the development history and application status of five typical spectroscopic methodologies for flammable liquids, including near-infrared spectrometry, Raman spectrometry, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, fluorescence spectrometry, and terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. Furthermore, we discussed the future potential applications of these spectroscopic methodologies in combination with their advantages and disadvantages.