根据光伏电池与环境之间的牛顿传热以及禁带宽度对温度的依赖特性, 获得光伏电池的热学与电学特性。实验研究结果表明,光伏电池的温度高于环境温度,并随着输出电压的增加呈先减小后增加的趋势, 与辐射强度呈线性递增的关系; 短路电流随着辐射强度的增加而升高, 而开路电压随着辐射强度的增加呈先增加后减小的趋势; 优化光伏电池输出电压和太阳能辐射强度可以获得最大效率。在AM 1.5G标况下,将部分辐射能输入至集热系统, 构造一个分光型光伏-热耦合系统,而该系统可以提高太阳能的利用率。

The thermal and electrical characteristics of a photovoltaic cell are obtained according to the Newton heat transfer between photovoltaic cell and environment, and dependence of band-gap width. This research experimental results show that the temperature of the photovoltaic cell is higher than the ambient temperature, and it first decreases and then increases, which is linearly increasing with the radiation intensity. The short-circuit current increases with the increase of radiation intensity while the open-circuit voltage increases first and then decreases with the increase of radiation intensity. Maximum efficiency can be obtained by optimizing the output voltage of the photovoltaic cells and solar radiation intensity. A spectrum splitting photovoltaic-thermal coupled system is constructed to improve the utilization rate of solar energy by inputting part of the radiant energy under the AM 1.5G standard condition into the thermal collection system.