Photonics Research, 2021, 9 (2): 02000222, Published Online: Jan. 29, 2021  

Interference at the single-photon level based on silica photonics robust against channel disturbance

Author Affiliations
1 State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
2 Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3 Division of Quantum Materials and Devices, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
4 Laboratory of Quantum Information, CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
Abstract
Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides a solution for communication of unconditional security. However, the quantum channel disturbance in the field severely increases the quantum bit-error rate, degrading the performance of a QKD system. Here we present a setup comprising silica planar light wave circuits (PLCs), which is robust against the channel polarization disturbance. Our PLCs are based on the asymmetric Mach–Zehnder interferometer (AMZI), integrated with a tunable power splitter and thermo-optic phase modulators. The polarization characteristics of the AMZI PLC are investigated by a novel pulse self-interfering method to determine the operation temperature of implementing polarization insensitivity. Over a 20 km fiber channel with 30 Hz polarization scrambling, our time-bin phase-encoding QKD setup is characterized with an interference fringe visibility of 98.72%. The extinction ratio for the phase states is kept between 18 and 21 dB for 6 h without active phase correction.

Xiao Li, Meizhen Ren, Jiashun Zhang, Liangliang Wang, Wei Chen, Yue Wang, Xiaojie Yin, Yuanda Wu, Junming An. Interference at the single-photon level based on silica photonics robust against channel disturbance[J]. Photonics Research, 2021, 9(2): 02000222.

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