大口径反射镜的光学面型在系统装调过程中会受到支撑点所产生的机械应力的影响;同时,在进行测试过程中,环境温度的变化也会导致光学面型发生变化。准确定位应力的发生位置、方向和大小将对解决大口径光学系统因应力变化而导致的波前变形起到决定性作用。结合模拟退火算法与集成分析技术,建立了反射镜面型与其各安装点应力之间的线性关系;通过模型仿真实现了对受力位置、方向及大小的精确识别,模型仿真对作用力大小的识别准确度可达75%以上。

Surface deformation of a large-aperture mirror is affected by the mechanical stress produced on its support points in the process of system adjustment. Moreover, in the process of testing, a change in temperature will also lead to a change in surface deformation. Correct determination of the direction and magnitude of the stress plays a decisive role in solving the wavefront change caused by the stress change in a large-aperture optical system. A new approach for correctly determining the direction and magnitude of the stress, which combines a simulated annealing algorithm and integrated analysis technology to establish the linear relationship between the surface deformation of the mirror and the stress on its support points, is proposed in this paper. Through the simulation, accurate recognition of stress location, direction, and magnitude can be realized, with a stress magnitude recognition accuracy of more than 75%.