随着通信行业的快速扩张以及光互联、片上实验室等技术的发展,人们对激光器等器件集成化、小型化的需求日益增长。半导体纳米线激光器由于其独特的一维结构与灵活的带隙调控性能等特点,在微纳激光器领域受到广泛研究。实现单模输出的半导体纳米线激光器,对光互联、传感、光谱学以及干涉测量等领域具有重要意义。综述了单模半导体纳米线激光器的基本技术与研究进展。介绍了半导体纳米线激光器的常用材料,并利用圆介质波导模型分析了其基本模式特性,详细阐述了半导体纳米线实现单模激光输出的主要方法以及发展现状,并对各方案面临的挑战进行了总结。

With the rapid expansion of the communication industry and the development of technologies, such as optical interconnection and on-chip experiments, there is a growing demand for integration and miniaturization of devices such as lasers. Semiconductor nanowire lasers have been widely studied in the field of micro/nano-lasers due to their unique one-dimensional structure and flexible bandgap control performance. Semiconductor nanowire lasers with single-mode output are of great significance in the fields of optical interconnection, sensing, spectroscopy, and interferometry. This article reviews the basic technology and research progress of single-mode semiconductor nanowire lasers. First, the common materials of semiconductor nanowire lasers are introduced, and the basic mode characteristics are analyzed using the circular dielectric waveguide model. Subsequently, the main methods and development status of semiconductor nanowires achieving single-mode laser output are elaborated. Finally, the challenges faced by each scheme are summarized.