卫星本体部件的闪光现象是其个体特征的体现,结合卫星的运动特性及镜反材质的反射特性,从原理上研究镜反部件指向的确定方法,给出卫星本体反射率与镜反部件面积的确定方法。在此基础上,定量分析卫星本体部件的闪光现象,提出一种多元模型用于描述卫星光学散射特性,并进行实测数据的验证。实验结果表明,多元法描述卫星光学散射特性较二元法更为全面,原理适用性更强,能够更具体地反映卫星个体独有的光学散射特性,添加镜反部件后的精度可提高0.111星等。工程应用中,根据实际的观测情况,调整卫星光学散射特性描述模型的元数,以实现对任意目标光学散射特性的模拟。多元模型不仅为解释卫星的闪光现象提供参考,还可作为目标识别与工作状态分析的依据。

Glint from the assembled units of a satellite body is an embodiment of the individual characteristics of the satellite. By combining the characteristics of satellite motion with the mirror-reflection characteristics of materials, we have developed a method for determining in principle the direction of the mirror reflection and the reflectance of the satellite body, as well as for giving the area of the mirror-reflection component. Based on this, we propose a quantitative analysis of the glint from satellite-body components, using a multivariate model to describe the optical-scattering characteristics of the satellite, which we have verified with actual data. Experimental results show that the multivariate method is more comprehensive than the binary method for describing satellite optical-scattering characteristics, and is more applicable in principle. Specifically, it can reflect the unique optical-scattering characteristics of an individual satellite, and the accuracy obtained after adding the mirror-reflection component can be increased by 0.111 magnitude. In engineering applications, depending upon the actual observational situation, the model elements that describe the light-scattering characteristics of the satellite can be adjusted to simulate the optical-scattering characteristics of any target. The multivariate model not only provides a reference for explaining the glint phenomenon of satellites but also it can serve as a basis for target identification and working-state analysis.