海洋气溶胶是大气气溶胶的重要组成部分之一,为了研究海洋气溶胶对量子通信的影响,根据海洋气溶胶粒子的尺度谱分布以及消光系数,分析海洋气溶胶粒子浓度和传输距离与链路衰减之间的定量关系,研究粒子浓度、传输距离与信道容量、信道保真度及信道误码率之间的关系并进行仿真模拟。仿真结果表明,当传输距离为8 km,海洋气溶胶粒子浓度分别为300/m 3和500/m 3时,对应的链路衰减、信道容量和信道误码率分别为0.407 dB/km和0.679 dB/km、0.423 bit/s和0.349 bit/s、0.027和0.092,当海洋气溶胶粒子浓度为500/m 3,传输距离分别为5 km和7 km时,对应的信道保真度分别为0.911和0.849。结果表明海洋气溶胶对自由空间量子通信的各项性能均有不同程度的影响。因此,当实际进行量子通信时,应根据海洋气溶胶粒子的浓度来调整各项性能参数以保证通信正常进行。

Marine aerosols are important components of atmospheric aerosols. In order to study their impact on quantum communication, for a given transmission distance we have therefore analyzed the dependence of the link attenuation on the concentration, size-spectrum distribution, and extinction coefficients of the marine aerosol particles. In particular, we have studied and simulated the quantitative relationships of particle concentrations and transmission distance on the link attenuation, channel capacity, channel fidelity, and channel error rate. The simulation results show that when the transmission distance is 8 km and the ocean aerosol particle concentration is 300/m ³ and 500/m ³, the corresponding link attenuation, channel capacity, and channel bit error rate are 0.407 dB/km and 0.679 dB/km, 0.423 bit/s and 0.349 bit/s, 0.027 and 0.092, respectively. When the concentration of ocean aerosol particles is 500/m ³ and the transmission distance is 5 km and 7 km, the corresponding channel fidelity is 0.911 and 0.849, respectively. Ocean aerosols thus have varying degrees of influence on the performance of free-space quantum communication. In actual quantum communication, various performance parameters must therefore be adjusted according to the concentration of the ocean aerosol particles in order to ensure normal communication.