空分复用、高阶调制、数字相干接收和数字信号处理等关键技术研究是确保光纤传输系统实现超大容量、超高速率、超长距离传输的必要条件。其中,空分复用技术是实现拍比特传输的关键技术,是近年来的研究热点。系统综述了空分复用多芯放大器,包括多芯掺铒光纤放大器、多芯少模掺铒光纤放大器、多芯铒镱共掺光纤放大器、多芯拉曼放大器、多芯遥泵放大器及多芯混合放大器的研究进展,并对未来多芯放大器的技术发展进行展望。

Space division multiplexing (SDM),high order modulation, digital coherent detection,and digital signal process have become the necessary technologies for realizing a optical fiber transmission system with ultra-large capacity, ultra-high rate, and ultra-long distance. SDM technology has become the key part to realize Pbit/s transmission, and has become a research hotspot in resent years. A multicore fiber amplifier with SDM is analyzed systematically. In this paper, the research progress of multicore amplifiers, including multicore erbium-doped fiber amplifiers, multicore few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifiers, multicore erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber amplifiers, multicore Raman amplifiers, multicore remote pump amplifier,and hybrid multicore amplifiers, are reviewed. Finally, the future of multicore amplifier technologies is prospected.