锗酸铜因具有自旋佩尔斯效应以及优异的储锂性能而受到广泛关注, 普遍采用水热法制备锗酸铜。在制备过程中, 利用Cu(CH₃COO)₂等弱酸盐促进水的电离来获取CuGeO₃生长所需的OH ^-, 这种操作方法虽然简单, 但制备时间长、效率低。本研究采用强酸盐CuCl₂取代弱酸盐Cu(CH₃COO)₂为铜源, 调节前驱体溶液的pH, 控制各晶面吸附能力及溶液过饱和度, 实现高效制备CuGeO₃纳米棒和CuGeO₃六边形纳米片, 将制备时间缩短至8 h。并在此基础上, 添加一维结构导向剂乙二胺, 在加速反应过程的同时限制CuGeO₃的二维平面生长, 高效制备了100 nm、200~300 nm、350~500 nm、400~700 nm、1~2 μm和 1~3 μm六种不同尺寸、形貌均一的CuGeO₃纳米线。

Copper germanate has attracted wide attention because of its spin-Peierls transition and excellent lithium storage performance. Typical hydrothermal method uses weak acid salts such as Cu(CH₃COO)₂ to promote the ionization of water to obtain OH ^- required for the growth of CuGeO₃. Although the operation is facile, the reaction time is long and the efficiency is low. In this work, CuCl₂ was used as the copper source instead of Cu(CH₃COO)₂ and the pH of precursor solution was adjusted to control the adsorption capacity of each crystal plane and the supersaturation of the solution, so as to achieve efficient preparation of CuGeO₃ nanorods and CuGeO₃ hexagonal nanosheets, effectively shortening the reaction time to 8 h. Based on this, one-dimensional structure-directing agent ethylenediamine was added to accelerate the reaction process while limiting the two-dimensional planar growth of CuGeO₃, and six different sizes ( 100 nm, 200-300 nm, 350-500 nm, 400-700 nm, 1-2 μm and 1-3 μm) of uniform CuGeO₃ nanowires were efficiently prepared.