Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
2 School of Computer Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
The array spatial light field is an effective means for improving imaging speed in single-pixel imaging. However, distinguishing the intensity values of each sub-light field in the array spatial light field requires the help of the array detector or the time-consuming deep-learning algorithm. Aiming at this problem, we propose measurable speckle gradation Hadamard single-pixel imaging (MSG-HSI), which makes most of the refresh mechanism of the device generate the Hadamard speckle patterns and the high sampling rate of the bucket detector and is capable of measuring the light intensity fluctuation of the array spatial light field only by a simple bucket detector. The numerical and experimental results indicate that data acquisition in MSG-HSI is 4 times faster than in traditional Hadamard single-pixel imaging. Moreover, imaging quality in MSG-HSI can be further improved by image stitching technology. Our approach may open a new perspective for single-pixel imaging to improve imaging speed.
single-pixel imaging array spatial light field measurable speckle gradation 
Chinese Optics Letters
2024, 22(3): 031104
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
2 Hunan Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Technology of Quantum Information, Changsha 410073, China
3 School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
The 3D location and dipole orientation of light emitters provide essential information in many biological, chemical, and physical systems. Simultaneous acquisition of both information types typically requires pupil engineering for 3D localization and dual-channel polarization splitting for orientation deduction. Here we report a geometric phase helical point spread function for simultaneously estimating the 3D position and dipole orientation of point emitters. It has a compact and simpler optical configuration compared to polarization-splitting techniques and yields achromatic phase modulation in contrast to pupil engineering based on dynamic phase, showing great potential for single-molecule orientation and localization microscopy.
PSF engineering geometric phase single-molecule orientation and localization microscopy 
Chinese Optics Letters
2024, 22(3): 031103
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
2 Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Technologies of the Ministry of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
The source’s energy fluctuation has a great effect on the quality of single-pixel imaging (SPI). When the method of complementary detection is introduced into an SPI camera system and the echo signal is corrected with the summation of the light intensities recorded by two complementary detectors, we demonstrate, by both experiments and simulations, that complementary single-pixel imaging (CSPI) is robust to the source’s energy fluctuation. The superiority of the CSPI structure is also discussed in comparison with previous SPI via signal monitoring.
computational imaging image reconstruction complementary detection correlation function 
Chinese Optics Letters
2024, 22(3): 031101
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
2 Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Lens-free on-chip microscopy with RGB LEDs (LFOCM-RGB) provides a portable, cost-effective, and high-throughput imaging tool for resource-limited environments. However, the weak coherence of LEDs limits the high-resolution imaging, and the luminous surfaces of the LED chips on the RGB LED do not overlap, making the coherence-enhanced executions tend to undermine the portable and cost-effective implementation. Here, we propose a specially designed pinhole array to enhance coherence in a portable and cost-effective implementation. It modulates the three-color beams from the RGB LED separately so that the three-color beams effectively overlap on the sample plane while reducing the effective light-emitting area for better spatial coherence. The separate modulation of the spatial coherence allows the temporal coherence to be modulated separately by single spectral filters rather than by expensive triple spectral filters. Based on the pinhole array, the LFOCM-RGB simply and effectively realizes the high-resolution imaging in a portable and cost-effective implementation, offering much flexibility for various applications in resource-limited environments.
lens-free on-chip microscopy LED phase retrieval pinhole array 
Chinese Optics Letters
2024, 22(2): 021101
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Institute of Photonic Chips, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
2 School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
3 Nokia Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201206, China
4 College of Medical Instruments, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
Edge detection for low-contrast phase objects cannot be performed directly by the spatial difference of intensity distribution. In this work, an all-optical diffractive neural network (DPENet) based on the differential interference contrast principle to detect the edges of phase objects in an all-optical manner is proposed. Edge information is encoded into an interference light field by dual Wollaston prisms without lenses and light-speed processed by the diffractive neural network to obtain the scale-adjustable edges. Simulation results show that DPENet achieves F-scores of 0.9308 (MNIST) and 0.9352 (NIST) and enables real-time edge detection of biological cells, achieving an F-score of 0.7462.
diffractive neural network edge detection phase objects 
Chinese Optics Letters
2024, 22(1): 011102
Author Affiliations
Abstract
State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT), Beijing 100876, China
A concept of divergence angle of light beams (DALB) is proposed to analyze the depth of field (DOF) of a 3D light-field display system. The mathematical model between DOF and DALB is established, and the conclusion that DOF and DALB are inversely proportional is drawn. To reduce DALB and generate clear depth perception, a triple composite aspheric lens structure with a viewing angle of 100° is designed and experimentally demonstrated. The DALB-constrained 3D light-field display system significantly improves the clarity of 3D images and also performs well in imaging at a 3D scene with a DOF over 30 cm.
3D light-field display depth of field divergence angle of light beams compound lens 
Chinese Optics Letters
2024, 22(1): 011101
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Photonics Technology, Institute of Advanced Photonics Technology, School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
2 Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
3 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices and Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Special Fiber Photonic Devices and Applications, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
4 Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Heyuan 517000, China
Realizing high-fidelity optical information transmission through a scattering medium is of vital importance in both science and applications, such as short-range fiber communication and optical encryption. Theoretically, an input wavefront can be reconstructed by inverting the transmission matrix of the scattering medium. However, this deterministic method for retrieving light field information encoded in the wavefront has not yet been experimentally demonstrated. Herein, we demonstrate light field information transmission through different scattering media with near-unity fidelity. Multi-dimensional optical information can be delivered through either a multimode fiber or a ground glass without relying on any averaging or approximation, where their Pearson correlation coefficients can be up to 99%.
light field information transmission transmission matrix 
Chinese Optics Letters
2023, 21(12): 121101
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Optical Communication Laboratory, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China
2 Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya 572000, China
3 Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation-Imaging Testbed of Zhejiang Province, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China
This paper presents an improved method for imaging in turbid water by using the individual strengths of the quadrature lock-in discrimination (QLD) method and the retinex method. At first, the high-speed QLD is performed on images, aiming at capturing the ballistic photons. Then, we perform the retinex image enhancement on the QLD-processed images to enhance the contrast of the image. Next, the effect of uneven illumination is suppressed by using the bilateral gamma function for adaptive illumination correction. The experimental results depict that the proposed approach achieves better enhancement than the existing approaches, even in a high-turbidity environment.
quadrature lock-in discrimination clear vision scattering retinex uneven illumination 
Chinese Optics Letters
2023, 21(10): 101102
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Advanced Photonics Center, School of Electronic Science & Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
2 Department of Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
In this Letter, we present a low-cost, high-resolution spectrometer design for ultra-high resolution optical coherence tomography (UHR-OCT), in which multiple standard achromatic lenses are combined to replace the expensive F-theta lens to achieve a comparable performance. For UHR-OCT, the spectrometer plays an important role in high-quality 3D image reconstruction. Typically, an F-theta lens is used in spectrometers as the Fourier lens to focus the dispersed light on the sensor array, and this F-theta lens is one of the most expensive components in spectrometers. The advantage of F-theta lens over the most widely used achromatic lens is that the aberrations (mainly spherical aberration, SA) are corrected, so the foci of the dispersed optical beams (at different wavelengths) with different incident angles could be placed on the sensor array simultaneously. For the achromatic lens, the foci of the center part of the spectrum are farther than those on the side in the longitudinal direction, causing degradations of the spectral resolution. Furthermore, in comparison with the achromatic lens with the same focal length, those with smaller diameters have stronger SA, but small lenses are what we need for making spectrometers compact and stable. In this work, we propose a simple method of using multiple long-focal-length achromatic lenses together to replace the F-theta lens, which is >8-fold cheaper based on the price of optical components from Thorlabs, US. Both simulations and in vivo experiments were implemented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method.
low-cost spectrometer optical coherence tomography spherical aberration suppression ultrahigh-resolution non-invasive imaging 
Chinese Optics Letters
2023, 21(10): 101101
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 School of Artificial Intelligence, Optics and Electronics (iOPEN), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
2 Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
3 Helmholtz Institute Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
In this study, we propose an underwater ghost-imaging scheme using a modulation pattern combining offset-position pseudo-Bessel-ring (OPBR) and random binary (RB) speckle pattern illumination. We design the experiments based on modulation rules to order the OPBR speckle patterns. We retrieve ghost images by OPBR beam with different modulation speckle sizes. The obtained ghost images have a better contrast-to-noise rate compared to RB beam ghost imaging under the same conditions. We verify the results both in the experiment and simulation. In addition, we also check the image quality at different turbidities. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the OPBR speckle pattern also provides better image quality in other objects. The proposed method promises wide applications in highly scattering media, atmosphere, turbid water, etc.
ghost imaging underwater Bessel speckle 
Chinese Optics Letters
2023, 21(8): 081101

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