新一代飞机向着大型、重载、长寿等方向发展，对其装配质量、精度等提出更高的要求。装配中几何尺寸、物理损伤等的高精度测量是调控飞机装配工艺、保证装配指标的基础和关键，对飞机服役性能有着重要的影响。本文围绕新一代飞机结构尺寸大幅增加、承力结构复材化发展下的需求，论述了大型飞机装配中高精度测量技术的研究进展，具体从大空间点位高精度测量方法、大型结构外形高精度测量方法、复合材料结构装配缺陷高精度检测技术等方面对国内外理论研究和技术应用进行了梳理和总结，并指明相关技术的未来发展趋势和前景。

Higher standards for assembly quality and precision have been introduced with the development of next generation aircraft toward massive, heavy duty, and extended life. High precision measurement of geometry and physical damage in assembly is the basis and key to regulating the aircraft assembly process and ensuring the assembly standard, which has an important influence on the service performance of the aircraft. With a focus on the requirements of the new generation of aircraft with the significant rise in structural size and the development of composite bearing structure, this paper discusses the development of large space point location high precision measurement method, large structure shape high precision measurement method, composite structure assembly defect high precision detection technology, and other aspects of theoretical research and technology application at home and abroad, and indicates the future development trend and prospect of relevant technology.