光谱学与光谱分析, 2023, 43 (4): 1306, 网络出版: 2023-05-03  

基于光谱学分析癸酸-棕榈酸/SiO2@TiO2光催化相变微胶囊的制备机理

Preparation Mechanism of Decylic Acid-Palmitic Acid/SiO2@TiO2 Photocatalytic Phase Change Microcapsules Based on Multiple Spectrum Analysis
作者单位
1 安徽工业大学建筑工程学院, 安徽 马鞍山 243032
2 冶金减排与资源综合利用教育部重点实验室(安徽工业大学), 安徽 马鞍山 243032
摘要
建筑能耗占我国总能耗的30%以上, 利用建筑自身的被动调节性能提高其热湿调节性能, 是实现建筑节能的重要举措。 以癸酸、 棕榈酸制备相变温度在人体舒适度范围内的癸酸-棕榈酸复合相变材料, 采用癸酸-棕榈酸复合相变材料, 硅酸四乙酯, 钛酸丁酯作为原材料制备具有热湿调节, 空气净化功能的癸酸-棕榈酸/SiO2@TiO2光催化相变微胶囊(简称D-T微胶囊)有利于建筑节能, 改善室内空气品质。 研究分析了去离子水用量(去离子水与硅酸四乙酯物质的量比), pH值, 癸酸-棕榈酸复合相变材料的用量(癸酸-棕榈酸复合相变材料与硅酸四乙酯的物质的量比), 钛酸丁酯的用量(钛酸丁酯与硅酸四乙酯物质的量比)以及钛酸丁酯的滴加速度五个影响因素对D-T微胶囊的粒径、 物质组成、 形貌以及空气净化、 热湿调节性能的影响。 激光粒度分析结果表明去离子水用量和钛酸丁酯用量对D-T微胶囊的粒径分布有重要影响。 过水体系能够有效分散T-D微胶囊, 防止其团聚; 适量的钛酸丁酯水解产生的TiO2包裹在癸酸-棕榈酸@SiO2表面, 从而影响D-T微胶囊的粒径。 扫描电镜结果显示, 过多的癸酸-棕榈酸复合相变材料用量会造成相变材料的泄露; 过快的钛酸丁酯滴加速度影响其水解反应速度, 造成TiO2的团聚。 X-射线衍射(XRD)分析结果显示, pH值是生成具有光催化性能的锐钛矿相TiO2的关键因素。 因此, 当控制去离子水与硅酸四乙酯的物质的量比为90∶1, pH值为2, 癸酸-棕榈酸复合相变材料用量为0.5, 钛酸丁酯用量为0.8, 控制钛酸丁酯的滴加速度为20 min完成时可以获得形貌、 粒径完整和物相稳定的D-T微胶囊。 D-T微胶囊经过6 h对气态甲醛降解试验, 其对甲醛的降解率能够达到67.87%; 在18~23 ℃之间有明显的相变温度平台, 平台的持续时间约为300 s; 当相对湿度为84.34%时, 平衡含湿量达到0.181 9 g·g-1, 同时相对湿度为32.78%~84.34%之间的湿容量为0.161 3 g·g-1。
Abstract
Building energy consumption occupies more than 30% of total energy consumption in China. Building energy conservation is an important part of China’s policy on energy conservation and emissions reduction. It is important to realize building energy conservation by improving its thermal and humidity regulation performance through the passive regulation performance of the building itself. Decylic acid and palmitic acid were used to prepare decylic acid-palmitic acid composite phase change material, which phase changes temperature within the comfort range of the human body. The decylic acid-palmitic acid composite phase change material, tetraethyl silicate and tetrabutyl titanate were used as raw materials to prepare decylic acid-palmitic acid /SiO2@TiO2 photocatalytic phase change microcapsules (D-T microcapsules) which have heat, humidity adjustment and air purification function. It is conducive to building energy saving and improving indoor air quality. In this study, the dosage of deionized water (the molar ratio of deionized water to tetraethyl silicate), pH value, the dosage of clecylic acid-palmitic acid composite phase change material (the molar ratio of decylic acid-palmitic acid composite phase change material to tetraethyl silicate), the dosage of tetrabutyl titanate (molar ratio of tetrabutyl titanate to tetraethyl silicate) and the dropping acceleration of tetrabutyl titanate, these five effects were analyzed to study the effects on the particle size, composition, morphology, air purification function, thermal and humidity regulation performance of D-T microcapsules. The laser particle size analysis results showed that the amount of deionized water and tetrabutyl titanate had important effects on the particle size distribution of D-T microcapsules. The excess water system can effectively disperse T-D microcapsules and prevent agglomeration. TiO2 generated by the hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate was wrapped on the surface of decylic acid-palmitic acid@SiO2. Thus the dosage of tetrabutyl titanate affected the particle size of D-T microcapsules. Scanning electron microscopy showed that excessive decylic acid-palmitic acid composite phase change material would cause leakage of phase change material. The rapid drop acceleration of tetrabutyl titanate affected the hydrolysis reaction rate and would led to TiO2 agglomeration. XRD analysis showed that pH value was the key factor for preparing anatase phase TiO2 with photocatalytic performance. Therefore, when the dosage of deionized water is 90∶1, the pH value is 2, the dosage of decylic acid-palmitic acid composite phase change material is 0.5, the dosage of tetrabutyl titanate is 0.8, and the dropping acceleration of tetrabutyl titanate is 20 min, the prepared D-T microcapsules have complete morphology, uniform particle size and anatase structure. After 6 hours of the formaldehyde degradation test, the degradation rate of formaldehyde can reach 67.87 %. There is an obvious phase transition temperature platform between 18~23 ℃, with a duration of 300 s. When the relative humidity is 84.34%, the equilibrium moisture content is 0.181 9 g·g-1, and the moisture capacity between 32.78%~84.34% is 0.161 3 g·g-1.
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宗志芳, 徐维成, 陈德鹏, 唐刚, 周晓慧, 董伟, 吴玉喜. 基于光谱学分析癸酸-棕榈酸/SiO2@TiO2光催化相变微胶囊的制备机理[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2023, 43(4): 1306. ZONG Zhi-fang, XU Wei-cheng, CHEN De-peng, TANG Gang, ZHOU Xiao-hui, DONG Wei, WU Yu-xi. Preparation Mechanism of Decylic Acid-Palmitic Acid/SiO2@TiO2 Photocatalytic Phase Change Microcapsules Based on Multiple Spectrum Analysis[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2023, 43(4): 1306.

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