为了使有机发光显示技术满足国际电信联盟为超高清电视所制定的色域标准（BT 2020），高色纯度有机发光器件（OLED）的研究与开发具有重要意义。本文分别从窄带发光OLED材料和微腔OLED器件两方面介绍高色纯度有机发光器件的重要研究进展。首先，分析了分子的振动耦合对有机发光材料色纯度的影响，并针对荧光、磷光和热激活延迟荧光（TADF）3种材料，分别讨论了目前改善有机发光色纯度的方法，总结了最新的材料设计策略与研究结果。然后，介绍了微腔效应的原理，分析其对有机发光器件光谱的修饰与窄化作用，并介绍了利用微腔效应实现高色纯度发光的器件结构设计与优化方案。最后，讨论了高色纯度OLED器件在显示领域的未来前景与挑战。

In order to enable organic light emitting display technology to meet the colour gamut standard set by the International Telecommunication Union for Ultra HD TV (BT 2020), the research and development of high colour purity organic light-emitting device (OLED) is important. In this review, we present the latest developments and important research on high colour purity OLEDs in terms of both narrow-band light-emitting materials and microcavity OLEDs, respectively. This paper analyses the effect of vibrational coupling of molecules on the colour purity of organic light-emitting materials, and discusses current methods to improve the colour purity for fluorescent, phosphorescent and thermally-activated delayed fluorescence materials, respectively, and summarizes the latest material design strategies and research results. The principles of the microcavity effect is introduced and its modifying and narrowing effects on the spectra of organic light-emitting devices is analyzed, and then the design of device structures to achieve high colour purity light-emitting using the microcavity effect is presented. Finally, we discuss the future prospects and challenges of high colour purity OLED devices in the display field.