光网络的通信和感知一体化是基于光缆资源的一种有效设计，符合通信系统资源融合的发展趋势。利用通感一体化（ICAS）技术，不仅有助于光网络的智能运维，提升网络质量，还能实现密集的传感数据采集和新型应用，有效盘活运营商的光纤资产。本文阐述了光网络ICAS的潜在使能技术，对基于光纤瑞利散射、拉曼散射和布里渊散射等原理实现的传感技术进行对比分析，并结合相关研究，讨论了光网络ICAS技术的多类潜在应用场景，为该技术的推广应用提供思路。

The integration of communication and sensing (ICAS) in optical networks is an effective design based on optical cable resources, and is in line with the development trend of communication system resource integration. The use of this integrated system will not only facilitate the intelligent operation and maintenance of optical networks and improve network quality, but will also expedite intensive acquisition of sensor data and innovation of new applications, effectively revitalizing the optical fiber assets of operators. In this paper, the key technologies of optical-network ICAS system are described. Sensing technologies based on the principles of Rayleigh, Raman, and Brillouin scattering are compared and analyzed. Combined with relevant research, several potential application scenarios of optical-network ICAS technology are discussed, thus providing ideas for the popularization and application of this technology.