近年来，力致发光材料以其独特的发光方式，吸引了越来越多研究者的关注。特别是弹性力致发光材料，具有机械力-光转换效率高、发光阈值低且具有可恢复性等优异性能，在应力探测、自驱动传感、生物健康监测、智能可穿戴等领域显示出了巨大的应用前景。力致发光光纤结合了力致发光性能和光纤的波导特性以及尺寸小、质量轻、结构灵活、集成能力强等优点。相比于块体或薄膜材料，光纤的一维结构特点可更加有效地将应力和应变转换为力致发光，实现对应力和应变的高效传感。此外，力致发光光纤还可以利用其波导特点实现力致发光信号的收集和传输，从而进一步拓展传感应用的范围和效果。首先简单介绍了力致发光材料种类、特点和力致发光原理，在此基础上对力致发光光纤的类型、制备方法和潜在应用探索进行了简单的综述，并对力致发光光纤的未来发展进行了展望。

With a unique type of luminescence, mechanoluminescent materials have begun drawing increasing research interest. In particular, due to high efficiency of energy conversion of mechanical force to light emission, low mechanoluminescence threshold, and recoverable mechanoluminescent property, materials with elastic mechanoluminescence have demonstrated great application potential in stress monitoring, self-powered sensing, biological health monitoring, and smart wearables, among others. Mechanoluminescent optical fibers simultaneously possess the mechanoluminescent property and the advantages of optical fibers, such as the wave guiding function, small size, low weight, high flexibility, and excellent integrability. Compared with the bulky and film-shaped materials, mechanoluminescent optical fibers can convert stress or strain into light emission more efficiently owing to their fibrous shape. Moreover, mechanoluminescent optical fibers can perform the collection and long-distance transmission of mechanoluminescence signals through their wave-guiding structure, thus further expanding their application range. In this short review, we first briefly introduce the classification, characteristics, and mechanism of mechanoluminescent materials. Based on this, different kinds of mechanoluminescent optical fibers, their fabrication methods, and potential applications are presented. Finally, we forecast the future development of mechanoluminescent optical fibers.