金刚石中的氮-空位（NV）色心在室温下具有稳定的荧光发射，超长的电子自旋相干时间以及许多优良的光学性质，可以对电磁场，温度进行高灵敏度表征。光纤传感技术近几年来发展迅速，在电力、化工、交通、医疗、环保及**等领域得到广泛应用。光纤体系由于其集成度、实用性高以及操作便捷性，且具有优良的传输光能力，损耗较低，可与NV色心结合，形成一种高集成化、高灵敏度的便捷性传感系统，未来将会作为传感器件投入到许多领域的应用中，例如对生物细胞、材料温度、磁场等物理量的高灵敏度测量。本综述主要介绍NV色心体系的光纤量子传感技术的工作原理、实现方式以及在相关领域的应用。

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color center has stable fluorescence emission at room temperature, ultra-long electron spin coherence time, and excellent optical properties. In the field of quantum sensing, it has excellent performance in electromagnetic field and temperature sensing with high sensitivity. Optical fiber sensing technology has been developed rapidly in recent years with wide applications. Optical fiber system can be combined with NV color center because of its integration, high practicability, and easy operation, showing excellent optical transmission capacity and low loss. This optical fiber-based quantum sensor system can be applied to biological, material temperature, magnetic field, and other physical measurements. This review mainly introduces the working principle, methods, and applications of fiber quantum sensing technology based on NV color center system.