理论分析了波长为2 µm的掺铥光纤放大器中受激布里渊散射（SBS）对激光输出性能的影响，研究了双包层掺铥光纤在793 nm的泵浦波长和1.9~2.1 µm的激光工作波段的光模分布、有效折射率、有效模场面积和归一化频率，数值计算了在1.9~2.1µm的激光工作波段双包层掺铥光纤中的布里渊频移和布里渊增益谱等SBS特性。利用增益光纤中的受激布里渊散射理论模型，研究了受激布里渊散射对掺铥光纤放大器激光输出性能的影响。在DTDF-10/130双包层掺铥光纤中，使用功率为100 W、波长为793 nm的连续光作为泵浦，可对波长为2 μm、功率为0.01 W的连续信号光进行放大。当泵浦光功率填充因子为0.01、0.02和0.03时，信号光的最大输出功率分别为25.27 W、31.08 W和34.06 W。对应的最佳双包层光纤长度为2.66 m、2.02 m和1.75 m，由受激布里渊散射产生的斯托克斯光功率分别为1.68 W、1.39 W和1.14 W。结果表明，在掺铥光纤放大器中使用泵浦光功率填充因子大的双包层光纤可以降低光纤长度，从而减小受激布里渊散射对信号激光输出功率的影响。本文的数值模型可以对光纤放大器的光纤长度进行优化，对提高实验效率、降低实验成本具有重要价值。

The optical rogue wave (RW), known as a short-lived extraordinarily high amplitude dynamics phenomenon with small appearing probabilities, plays an important role in revealing and understanding the fundamental physics of nonlinear wave propagations in optical systems. The random fiber laser (RFL), featured with cavity-free and “modeless” structure, has opened up new avenues for fundamental physics research and potential practical applications combining nonlinear optics and laser physics. Here, the extreme event of optical RW induced by noise-driven modulation instability that interacts with the cascaded stimulated Brillouin scattering, the quasi-phase-matched four-wave mixing as well as the random mode resonance process is observed in a Brillouin random fiber laser comb (BRFLC). Temporal and statistical characteristics of the RWs concerning their emergence and evolution are experimentally explored and analyzed. Specifically, temporally localized structures with high intensities including chair-like pulses with a sharp leading edge followed by a trailing plateau appear frequently in the BRFLC output, which can evolve to chair-like RW pulses with adjustable pulse duration and amplitude under controlled conditions. This investigation provides a deep insight into the extreme event of RWs and paves the way for RW manipulation for its generation and elimination in RFLs through adapted laser configuration.

On-chip stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) has attracted extensive attention by introducing acousto-optic coupling interactions in all-optical signal processing systems. A series of chip-level applications such as Brillouin lasers, amplifiers, gyroscopes, filters, and nonreciprocal devices are realized based on Brillouin acousto-optic interaction. Here, we first introduce the fundamental principle of SBS in integrated photonics and a method for calculating Brillouin gain; then we illustrate the Brillouin effect on different material platforms with diverse applications. Finally, we make a concise conclusion and offer prospects on the future developments of on-chip SBS.

为了提高输电线负载能力、防止电网事故发生，文章利用布里渊散射和相干检测的原理，设计了一种基于自发布里渊散射的架空输电线路弧垂在线监测系统。利用布里渊光时域反射（BOTDR）技术，实时采集沿光纤分布的应变信号，提取应变传感关键性特征，实现对弧垂异常点的精准定位和预警。实验室数据和变电站测试结果表明：系统能够实时检测和精准定位应变变化信息，可单端测量且操作简单；可精准定位应变突变点，实现电缆弧垂异常情况的预警，及时发现和处理故障隐患，保证输电线路的安全稳定运行。

A continuous-wave (CW) single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) Raman laser at 1240 nm with power of up to 20.6 W was demonstrated in a free-running diamond Raman oscillator without any axial-mode selection elements. The SLM operation was achieved due to the spatial-hole-burning free nature of Raman gain and was maintained at the highest available pump power by suppressing the parasitic stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS). A folded-cavity design was employed for reducing the perturbing effect of resonances at the pump frequency. At a pump power of 69 W, the maximum Stokes output reached 20.6 W, corresponding to a 30% optical-to-optical conversion efficiency from 1064 to 1240 nm. The result shows that parasitic SBS is the main physical process disturbing the SLM operation of Raman oscillator at higher power. In addition, for the first time, the spectral linewidth of a CW SLM diamond Raman laser was resolved using the long-delayed self-heterodyne interferometric method, which is 105 kHz at 20 W.