In this study, three-dimensional porous magnesium ferrite/titanium dioxide/reduced graphene oxide (MgFe₂O₄-GM/TiO₂/rGO (MGTG)) was successfully synthesized via green and hydrothermal-supported co-precipitation methods using the extract of Garcinia mangostana (G. mangostana) as a reducing agent. The characterization results indicate the successful formation of the nano/micro MgFe₂O₄ (MFO) and TiO₂ on the structure of the reduced graphene oxide (rGO), which can also act as efficient support, alleviating the agglomeration of the nano/micro MFO and TiO₂. The synergic effects of the adsorption and photodegradation activity of the material were investigated according to the removal of crystal violet (CV) under ultraviolet light. The effects of catalyst dosage, CV concentration, and pH on the CV removal efficiency of the MGTG were also investigated. According to the results, the CV photodegradation of the MGTG-200 corresponded to the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The reusability of the material after 10 cycles also showed a removal efficiency of 92%. This happened because the materials can easily be recollected using external magnets. In addition, according to the effects of different free radicals ·O₂^?, h⁺, and ·OH on the photodegradation process, the photocatalysis mechanism of the MGTG was also thoroughly suggested. The antibacterial efficiency of the MGTG was also evaluated according to the inhibition of the Gram-positive bacteria strain Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Concurrently, the antibacterial mechanism of the fabricated material was also proposed. These results confirm that the prepared material can be potentially employed in a wide range of applications, including wastewater treatment and antibacterial activity.

盖髓剂对于保存牙髓和治疗龋病具有重要作用。临床常用的三种盖髓剂的治疗效果存在较大差异, 如何依据病情选择恰当的盖髓剂亟需相关对比研究予以指导。本研究旨在对临床常用的三种盖髓剂: 齿科氧化锌丁香酚水门汀(ZnO)、自固化氢氧化钙(Dycal)和光固化氢氧化钙间接盖髓剂(Calcimol)的形貌、成分以及理化性能进行表征, 并通过体外细菌和细胞培养实验对其抗菌性和生物相容性进行对比评价。实验结果表明, 齿科氧化锌丁香酚的疏水性能较强, 其有效成分ZnO可持续释放Zn离子, 呈现出优异的抗菌性能; Dycal和Calcimol具有相似的结构形貌和成分, 但Dycal相对疏水, 能持续释放Ca离子, 在周围形成碱性微环境, 从而赋予其抗菌性和较好的生物相容性; Calcimol为亲水材料, 便于临床操作, 钙离子释放量少, 抗菌性稍弱, 但生物相容性优异。本研究结果为临床上以龋病程度及牙髓健康状况为依据，选择合适的盖髓剂提供了实验基础。

骨科钛内置物存在感染的风险, 需要开发具有抗菌性、生物相容性且不易产生耐药性的表面涂层。通过电泳沉积15、30、45、60 s在微弧氧化(MAO)的钛表面制备了4组纳米氧化镁(MgO)涂层。MgO颗粒在MAO表面形成均匀涂层, 覆盖率随电泳时间延长。与金黄色葡萄球菌共培养6 h后, 4组样品抗菌率分别为1%、69%、83%、84%; 共培养24 h后抗菌率分别为81%、86%、89%、98%。显微观察发现MgO沉积样品表面黏附细菌密度、活细菌比例均随沉积时间延长而减少。与小鼠成骨细胞共培养1 d后, 4组样品存活率(相对空白孔板中所接种细胞)分别为108%、89%、53%、27%, 5 d后分别为139%、117%、112%、66%。荧光显微观察发现MAO样品表面未见死细胞, 而MgO沉积样品表面死细胞比例随沉积时间延长而增加, 但在实验周期(5 d)内均<5%。本研究表明电泳沉积30 s制备的MgO涂层具有良好的体外抗菌性和生物相容性。

细菌和病毒一直对人类健康构成威胁。SARS-CoV-2已经在世界各地肆虐了近三年, 给人类健康带来了巨大危险。面对细菌的抗药性和抗生素治疗效果不佳等种种挑战, 人们迫切需要新的方法来对抗致病微生物。最近, 具有内在酶活性的纳米酶作为一种有前途的新型“抗生素”, 通过催化生成大量活性氧, 在生理条件下表现出卓越的抗菌和抗病毒活性。此外, 基于纳米酶的治疗中, 纳米材料在独特的物理化学特性(如光热和光动力效应)的帮助下可以增强治疗效果。本文综述了纳米酶在抗菌、抗病毒-方向的研究进展, 从机制角度系统总结分析了纳米酶消除细菌、病毒等微生物的原理, 对未来的新型纳米抗菌抗病毒材料的研发方向及其所面临的挑战进行了展望, 为开发下一代抗微生物感染纳米酶提供了思路。

Finally, the limitations of laser processing at present are summarized, and the application and development of laser micromachining technology in the field of medical equipment in the future are prospected. Although laser microprocessing technology can micro-process a new generation of implantable medical devices with extremely fine structure, making the commercial use of the next generation of implantable medical devices feasible, the development of laser micro-processing technology in the biomedical field is not mature enough, the production efficiency is low, and the work stability needs to be improved. For the laser micromachining process, a complete set of theories has not yet been formed to explain the physical nature of the interaction between the laser and material under the extreme conditions of ultra-fast, ultra-short, and ultra-strong, nor can the impact of laser micromachining on the material structure and physical and chemical properties be well evaluated. The next work still needs a lot of basic and regular research. At the same time, according to the characteristics of laser micromachining and the properties of the processed materials, it is also necessary to develop simulation analysis software to simulate the micromachining process and optimize the parameters of the laser micromachining process.

兼具抗菌和组织修复活性的生物材料在再生医学领域具有广阔的应用前景。以光热和磁热为基础的热疗技术都具有抗菌作用, 但光的穿透能力有限, 磁热试剂的热转换效率较低, 限制了其在生物医学领域的应用。本研究合成了Fe₂SiO₄/Fe₃O₄双相复合生物陶瓷粉体, 不仅同时具有良好的光热和磁热效应, 还能有效释放活性的铁和硅酸根离子。用陶瓷粉体与明胶/聚己内酯复合制备的电纺丝膜不仅具有良好的细胞相容性, 而且具有光热和磁热效应。复合膜在相对温和的条件下近红外光(808 nm, 0.36 W·cm^-2)与交变磁场(506 kHz, 837 A·m^-1)同时处理15 min后, 与单独近红外光或磁场热处理相比, 具有更强的细菌抑制活性。因此, 这种集光热、磁热功能于一体且具有细胞相容性的Fe-Si基生物陶瓷及其复合材料在再生医学领域具有潜在的应用前景。