激光诱导等离子体刻蚀技术在蓝宝石表面微结构制作方面具有独特的优势。通过控制变量法研究了激光能量密度、靶材和蓝宝石之间的距离和扫描速度对激光诱导等离子体加工蓝宝石微槽的微观形貌和几何尺寸的影响规律。通过正交试验研究了激光诱导等离子体工艺参数对蓝宝石表面微结构接触角的影响，发现扫描线间距对接触角的影响最大，靶材和蓝宝石之间的距离和激光能量密度次之，扫描速度的影响最小。当激光能量密度为6.3 J/cm²，扫描线间距为200 μm，靶材和蓝宝石之间的距离为150 μm，扫描速度为10 mm/s时，蓝宝石表面微结构的接触角为136°，表现出良好的疏水性；当激光能量密度为7.4 J/cm²，扫描线间距为50 μm，靶材和蓝宝石之间的距离为100 μm，扫描速度为5 mm/s时，蓝宝石表面微结构的接触角为29°，具有较好的亲水性，并且长时间放置后表面接触角基本保持不变。通过扫描电镜观察发现，蓝宝石表面的微结构上分布着许多纳米颗粒，这些微纳结构共同影响蓝宝石的润湿性。

钛及其合金以其优异的机械性能和生物相容性而被广泛应用作硬组织植入器械, 但其表面缺乏生物活性以及植入后的炎症反应易导致骨整合不佳。本研究利用不同气氛中的热处理工艺调控氧化钛涂层的润湿性, 并研究表面润湿性能对免疫反应和成骨性能的影响规律。研究结果表明, 与亲水(接触角~10º)的氧化钛涂层相比, 处于亲水/疏水临界状态的氧化钛涂层(接触角’90º), 在仅培养巨噬细胞时, 抑制了巨噬细胞向M1促炎方向极化; 在共培养小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞和巨噬细胞时, 促进了巨噬细胞向M2抗炎方向极化, 同时显著上调了骨髓间充质干细胞成骨相关标记物的基因表达, 显示出更好的免疫促成骨性能。

In this study, CdO/Cu/CdO multilayers thin films were organized on glass substrates with different Cu intermetallic layer thickness engaging DC plasma magnetron sputtering. The optoelectronic properties and structural characteristics of the multilayers at various Cu intermetallic layer thicknesses which were varied from 4 to 16 nm were explored. The calculated band gap was reduced from 2.66 eV to 2.48 eV as the Cu intermetallic layer thickness increased from 4 to 16 nm. The refractive index and coefficient of extinction of CdO/Cu/CdO multilayers increased with increasing the Cu intermetallic layer thickness. The resistivity is reduced from 1.8 × 10⁻² Ω cm for CdO single layer to reach a value of 2.7 × 10⁻⁴ Ω cm for CdO/Cu (16 nm)/CdO multilayer. Further, the sheet resistance is decreased from 1000 to 13.8 Ω/sq. with the variation in Cu intermetallic layer thickness from 0 to 16 nm. CdO/Cu (4 nm)/CdO multilayer film recorded the best figure of merit (2.3 × 10⁻⁴ Ω⁻¹). After sunlight illumination for the multilayers, the surface wettability was improved and the contact angle recorded lowest value of nearly 24° for CdO/Cu (8 nm)/CdO and CdO/Cu (12 nm)/CdO.

Such as, by using the photothermal effect of materials, the surface tension of the lubrication layer on the surface of materials can be changed, thus creating a wetting gradient force to push the droplets to move. Further, the sliding and pinning of the droplet can be controlled by the phase change of the paraffin layer on some functional surfaces. The pyroelectric crystal can generate the dielectric force field on its surface based on the photothermal effect, which could be applied to realize the lossless moving, merging, and splitting of the droplets. In addition, the wettability of the photovoltaic crystals could be changed with the irradiation of light, therefore, can be used to control the behavior of droplets. In this paper, the development of the photo-responsive functional surface in droplet manipulation was briefly reviewed. The mechanisms of the droplet manipulation with the functional surface were expatiated. The categories of functional surfaces were summarized, the characteristics of the structure were analyzed, and the corresponding implementation method was introduced in detail. In addition, the applications of the photo-responsive functional surface in droplet transportation, fusion, and segmentation were introduced. Finally, the future development and potential applications of the photo-responsive functional surface for droplet manipulation were prospected.