Diagnosing the evolution of laser-generated high energy density (HED) systems is fundamental to develop a correct understanding of the behavior of matter under extreme conditions. Talbot–Lau interferometry constitutes a promising tool, since it permits simultaneous single-shot X-ray radiography and phase-contrast imaging of dense plasmas. We present the results of an experiment at OMEGA EP that aims to probe the ablation front of a laser-irradiated foil using a Talbot–Lau X-ray interferometer. A polystyrene (CH) foil was irradiated by a laser of 133 J, 1 ns and probed with 8 keV laser-produced backlighter radiation from Cu foils driven by a short-pulse laser (153 J, 11 ps). The ablation front interferograms were processed in combination with a set of reference images obtained ex situ using phase-stepping. We managed to obtain attenuation and phase-shift images of a laser-irradiated foil for electron densities above ${10}^{22}\;{\mathrm{cm}}^{-3}$ . These results showcase the capabilities of Talbot–Lau X-ray diagnostic methods to diagnose HED laser-generated plasmas through high-resolution imaging.

目前针对双相位光栅干涉仪灵敏度的分析存在着灵敏度模型不合理、理论结果不完整等问题，制约着系统灵敏度的提高。对此，提出了新的灵敏度模型，即物体所产生的条纹移动与光源位置变化产生的条纹移动是等效的。该灵敏度模型将物体对X射线的折射作用转化成了光源的移动，同时巧妙地利用了系统的劳条件将光源移动与成像条纹移动联系起来。利用新的灵敏度模型，成功获取了双相位光栅干涉仪和Talbot-Lau干涉仪的灵敏度，为优化系统灵敏度提供了理论指导。