In the fields of light manipulation and localization, quasiperiodic photonic crystals, or photonic quasicrystals (PQs), are causing an upsurge in research because of their rotational symmetry and long-range orientation of transverse lattice arrays, as they lack translational symmetry. It allows for the optimization of well-established light propagation properties and has introduced new guiding features. Therefore, as a class, quasiperiodic photonic crystal fibers, or photonic quasicrystal fibers (PQFs), are considered to add flexibility and richness to the optical properties of fibers and are expected to offer significant potential applications to optical fiber fields. In this review, the fundamental concept, working mechanisms, and invention history of PQFs are explained. Recent progress in optical property improvement and its novel applications in fields such as dispersion control, polarization-maintenance, supercontinuum generation, orbital angular momentum transmission, plasmon-based sensors and filters, and high nonlinearity and topological mode transmission, are then reviewed in detail. Bandgap-type air-guiding PQFs supporting low attenuation propagation and regulation of photonic density states of quasiperiodic cladding and in which light guidance is achieved by coherent Bragg scattering are also summarized. Finally, current challenges encountered in the guiding mechanisms and practical preparation techniques, as well as the prospects and research trends of PQFs, are also presented.

空芯反谐振光纤（HCARF）的科学研究取得了突破性进展，其有望突破现有传统光纤的一些固有本征限制。HCARF将光束缚在空气芯中，在传输及其应用上具有传统光纤不可比拟的优势，因此，HCARF成为当前光通信领域的研究热点。文章介绍了HCARF的导光机理，并分析了其在光纤通信系统中的容量优势，阐述了HCARF的发展机遇与面临的挑战，希望能够为我国下一代通信大容量超宽带长距离传输光纤提供一定的参考价值与借鉴。