氮素是作物生长发育和产量品质形成所必需的营养元素。实时、快速、无损、准确地监测作物氮素状况,对于诊断作物生长特征、指导合理施氮、提高氮肥利用效率、降低因过量施氮引起的农业面源环境污染等具有重要意义。解析了作物氮素营养无损监测的光谱学和生理生态学机理,研究了作物氮素光谱信息获取的原理和方法,设计并研制出便携式作物氮素无损监测光谱仪,并基于水稻田间试验数据对仪器进行了测试。结果表明,所研制的作物氮素无损监测光谱仪性能良好,能够适应田间的复杂环境和监测要求。

Nitrogen is one of the necessary nutrient elements for crop growth and products,and the monitoring of crop nitrogen nutrition by the real-time,rapid,non-destructive and accurate way is of significance in estimating crop growth parameters,enhancing nitrogen use efficiency,reducing farmland contamination from excessive use of fertilizer nitrogen. The mechanisms of non-destructive monitoring of crop nitrogen nutrition are investigated by spectroscopy and eco-physiological bases. The theoretical basis and method the obtaining the crop nitrogen-specific spectra information are shown,and the portable nitrogen non-destructive monitoring spectrum instrument for crop is designed and manufactured. Based on the data from rice in field,the instrument is tested and evaluated. The results show that the instrument worked stably and finely,which is very suitable to the nitrogen non-destructive monitoring for crop in field.