采用红外光谱的宏观三级鉴定法分析鉴别了赤芝、黑芝、松杉灵芝和树舌灵芝。 在一维红外光谱中,根据灵芝的1153和1078cm-1的糖苷类化合物的吸收峰的相对强度,可得出这4种灵芝的糖苷类化合物的相对含量依次为,赤芝＞黑芝＞松杉灵芝＞树舌灵芝。 在高分辨率二阶导数谱中,四者在1600-1720 cm-1波段处的吸收峰的峰位置、峰形状均有很大差别,说明四者本身所含的氨基酸多肽类物质是不一致的。 观测二维相关红外光谱,四者都存在1100 cm-1的糖苷类化合物的自动峰,不同的是赤芝共有4个自动峰且1040 cm-1自动峰强度最大,黑芝共有5个自动峰且1040和1139 cm-1自动峰的强度最大,松杉灵芝共有4个自动峰且1140 cm-1的自动峰强度最大,树舌灵芝共有5个自动峰且1134 cm-1的自动峰强度最大。 谱图的三级鉴定验证了赤芝、黑芝、松杉灵芝和树舌灵芝在糖苷类化合物和氨基酸多肽类化合物的相对含量上都是不一致的。 结果表明,运用红外光谱法可以快速有效地分析和鉴定赤芝、黑芝、松杉灵芝和树舌灵芝。

Ganoderma lucidum,ganoderma atrum,ganderma tsugae Murr. and ganoderma lipsiense can be discriminated and identified by using multi-steps infrared macro-fingerprint method. The 1D-IR spectra,based on the peaks intensity at 1 153 and 1 078 cm-1,which are the fingerprint characteristic peaks of glucoside compounds,show that the content of glucoside compounds of them was in the order of,ganoderma lucidum＞ganoderma atrum＞ganderma tsugae Murr. ＞ganoderma lipsiense. Generally,the second derivative IR spectra can clearly enhance the spectra resolution. In the range of 1 600-1 720 cm-1,the position and sharpness of characteristics peaks were very different,and it’s proved that amino acid peptide compounds of them were different. In the 2D-IR spectra,four of them have the same autopeak at 1 100 cm-1,which is the autopeaks of glucoside,but the number of autopeaks of ganoderma lucidum was 4 and its strongest autopeak was 1 040 cm-1,while 5 autopeaks,4 autopeaks and 5 autopeaks were for ganoderma atrum,ganderma tsugae Murr. and ganoderma lipsiense respectively,and their strongest autopeaks were 1 040,1 139,1 140 and 1 134 cm-1 respectively. The multi-steps infrared maro-fingerprint identification testified that the contents of glucoside compounds and amino acid peptide compounds in these four kinds of ganoderma are different. It’s proved that multi-steps infrared maro-fingerprint method can be used to analyze and distinguish ganoderma lucidum,ganoderma atrum,ganderma tsugae Murr. and ganoderma lipsiense.