文章分析了影响光纤通信系统性能的主要因素，介绍了在理论分析的基础上建立的单模光纤信道仿真模型；还介绍了判决反馈均衡器(DFE)的基本结构和最小均方(LMS)误差算法，并用MATLAB软件仿真了采用LMS算法对10 Gbit/s光纤信道进行自适应均衡的性能。仿真结果表明，LMS算法简单、高效，能有效消除光纤色散和偏振模色散(PMD)引起的码间干扰，比较适合对均衡速度要求较高的光纤通信系统。

In this paper, we analyze the main factors that affect the performances of fiber-optic communication systems, set up the simulation model of the single-mode fiber channels on the basis of theoretical analysis, introduce the basic structure of the Division Feedback Equalizer (DFE) and the LMS algorithm and imitate by using the MATLAB software the adaptive equalization performances of 10 Gbit/s fiber channels using the LMS algorithm. Simulation results indicate that the LMS algorithm is simple and efficient and can effectively eliminate the inter-symbol interference caused by fiber dispersion and Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD), appropriate for fiber-optic communication systems that require high equalization speed.