阐述了数学形态学在灰度图像滤波中的应用，设计出一种以现场可编程逻辑门阵列(FPGA)实现灰度形态学图像预处理的硬件架构，该结构的优势在于可自动生成定长结构元素的滤波器。对灰度图像形态学滤波效果进行了仿真。仿真表明，该方法在提高图像信噪比的同时，对外景干扰也有一定抑制作用，且具备很高的实时性，对系统小型化也具有重要意义。

The application of mathematical morphology in grayscale image processing was studied.An architecture based on Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA) was designed for implementing the image preprocessing.The advantage of this architecture is that it enables automatic generation of given length structuring element for a morphological filter.Simulation was made for the application of mathematical morphology in grayscale image processing.The results indicated that the method has fine realtime performance,can improve the SNR of image while suppressing the interferential information.It is also beneficial for miniaturization of the system.