用傅里叶变换红外光谱技术结合统计分析对蚕豆锈病、 茎基腐病、 轮纹病、 黄化卷叶病和正常叶片进行鉴别研究。 结果显示病害叶片和正常叶片的红外图谱相似, 仅有几个吸收强度比存在差异; 对光谱进行二阶导数分析发现, 病害叶片和正常叶片的二阶导数光谱在1 200~700 cm-1范围差异明显, 对该区域内的光谱数据进行相关分析、 主成分分析和聚类分析, 结果显示, 正常叶片之间、 同种病害样品之间相关系数都在0.928以上, 而病害叶片和正常叶片以及不同病害样品之间的相关系数降低; 45个样品聚类分析和主成分分析正确率分别为73.3%和82.2%。 傅里叶变换红外光谱技术具有快速、 无损、 准确等优点, 有望为蚕豆病虫害诊断提供新的方法与途径。

In the present paper, broad bean rust, fusarium rhizome rot, broad bean zonate spot, yellow leaf curl virus and normal leaves were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics. The results show that the spectra of samples were similar, only with minor differences in absorption intensity of several peaks. Second derivative analyses show that the significant difference of all samples was in the range of 1 200~700 cm-1. The data in the range of 1 200~700 cm-1 were selected to evaluate correlation coefficients, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Results showed that the correlation coefficients are larger than 0.928 not only between the healthy leaves, but also between the same diseased leaves. The values between healthy and diseased leaves, and among diseased leaves, are all declined. HCA and PCA yielded about 73.3% and 82.2% accuracy, respectively. This study demonstrated that FTIR techniques might be used to detect crop diseases.